coroutine-sigaltstack: Add SIGUSR2 mutex

Disposition (action) for any given signal is global for the process.
When two threads run coroutine-sigaltstack's qemu_coroutine_new()
concurrently, they may interfere with each other: One of them may revert
the SIGUSR2 handler to SIG_DFL, between the other thread (a) setting up
coroutine_trampoline() as the handler and (b) raising SIGUSR2.  That
SIGUSR2 will then terminate the QEMU process abnormally.

We have to ensure that only one thread at a time can modify the
process-global SIGUSR2 handler.  To do so, wrap the whole section where
that is done in a mutex.

Alternatively, we could for example have the SIGUSR2 handler always be
coroutine_trampoline(), so there would be no need to invoke sigaction()
in qemu_coroutine_new().  Laszlo has posted a patch to do so here:

  https://lists.nongnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2021-01/msg05962.html



However, given that coroutine-sigaltstack is more of a fallback
implementation for platforms that do not support ucontext, that change
may be a bit too invasive to be comfortable with it.  The mutex proposed
here may negatively impact performance, but the change is much simpler.

Signed-off-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210125120305.19520-1-mreitz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <vsementsov@virtuozzo.com>

util/coroutine-sigaltstack.c

@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ Coroutine *qemu_coroutine_new(void)
     sigset_t sigs;
     sigset_t osigs;
     sigjmp_buf old_env;
+    static pthread_mutex_t sigusr2_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
 
     /* The way to manipulate stack is with the sigaltstack function. We
      * prepare a stack, with it delivering a signal to ourselves and then
@@ -186,6 +187,12 @@ Coroutine *qemu_coroutine_new(void)
     sa.sa_handler = coroutine_trampoline;
     sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask);
     sa.sa_flags = SA_ONSTACK;
+
+    /*
+     * sigaction() is a process-global operation.  We must not run
+     * this code in multiple threads at once.
+     */
+    pthread_mutex_lock(&sigusr2_mutex);
     if (sigaction(SIGUSR2, &sa, &osa) != 0) {
         abort();
     }
@@ -234,6 +241,8 @@ Coroutine *qemu_coroutine_new(void)
      * Restore the old SIGUSR2 signal handler and mask
      */
     sigaction(SIGUSR2, &osa, NULL);
+    pthread_mutex_unlock(&sigusr2_mutex);
+
     pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigs, NULL);
 
     /*