softfloat: Move sqrt_float to softfloat-parts.c.inc

Rename to parts$N_sqrt.
Reimplement float128_sqrt with FloatParts128.

Reimplement with the inverse sqrt newton-raphson algorithm from musl.
This is significantly faster than even the berkeley sqrt n-r algorithm,
because it does not use division instructions, only multiplication.

Ordinarily, changing algorithms at the same time as migrating code is
a bad idea, but this is the only way I found that didn't break one of
the routines at the same time.

Tested-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Alex Bennée <alex.bennee@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>