cutils: Provide strchrnul

strchrnul is a GNU extension and thus unavailable on a number of targets.
In the review for a commit removing strchrnul from 9p, I was asked to
create a qemu_strchrnul helper to factor out this functionality.
Do so, and use it in a number of other places in the code base that inlined
the replacement pattern in a place where strchrnul could be used.

Signed-off-by: Keno Fischer <keno@juliacomputing.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kurz <groug@kaod.org>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kurz <groug@kaod.org>