linux-user: Use memfd for open syscall emulation

For certain paths in /proc, the open syscall is intercepted and the
returned file descriptor points to a temporary file with emulated
contents.

If TMPDIR is not accessible or writable for the current user (for
example in a read-only mounted chroot or container) tools such as ps
from procps may fail unexpectedly. Trying to read one of these paths
such as /proc/self/stat would return an error such as ENOENT or EROFS.

To relax the requirement on a writable TMPDIR, use memfd_create()
instead to create an anonymous file and return its file descriptor.

Signed-off-by: Rainer Müller <raimue@codingfarm.de>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Message-Id: <20220729154951.76268-1-raimue@codingfarm.de>
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier.eu>