block: Use QemuOpts in bdrv_open_common()

Instead of manually parsing options and then deleting them from the
options QDict, just use QemuOpts like most other places that deal with
block device options.

More options will be added there and then QemuOpts is a lot more
manageable than open-coding everything.

Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>